| AB | Anchor Bible Commentaries, ed. William Foxwell Albright and David Noel Freedman |
| ABD | Anchor Bible Dictionary (6 vols.), ed. David Noel Freedman |
| ABPS | American Baptist Publication Society |
| AKOT | Analytical Key to the Old Testament by John Joseph Owens |
| ANE | Ancient Near East |
| ANET | Ancient Near Eastern Texts, James B. Pritchard |
| ASV | American Standard Version |
| AV | Authorized Version |
| BAGD | A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Early Christian Literature, Walter Bauer, 2nd ed. by F. W. Gingrich and Fredrick Danker |
| BDB | A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament by F. Brown, S. R. Driver and C. A. Briggs |
| BHS | Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, GBS, 1997 |
| DSS | Dead Sea Scrolls |
| EJ | Encyclopedia Judaica |
| IDB | The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible (4 vols.), ed. George A. Buttrick |
| ISBE | International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (5 vols.), ed. James Orr |
| JB | Jerusalem Bible |
| JPSOA | The Holy Scriptures According to the Masoretic Text: A New Translation (The Jewish Publication Society of America) |
| KB | The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament by Ludwig Koehler and Walter Baumgartner |
| KJV | King James Version |
| LAM | The Holy Bible From Ancient Eastern Manuscripts (the Peshitta) by George M. Lamsa |
| LUCIAN | A Second Century Recension of the LXX from Antioch, Syria |
| LXX | Septuagint (Greek-English) by Zondervan, 1970 |
| MOF | A New Translation of the Bible by James Moffatt |
| MT | Masoretic Hebrew Text |
Abbreviations Used in Commentaries
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